Howdy,
I'm new here but I have had a MiSTer about two years now, that I built myself. It is a dual-RAM 256mb set-up. I think I may have a solution for you.
My Sega CD core worked flawlessly up until a couple of weeks ago. It then started to crash almost immediately upon loading the initial BIOS screen(before a game was loaded). It would continue to crash repeatedly, over and over, usually after a few seconds. If it did load a game, the game would inevitably crash back to the BIOS screen and continue to repeatedly crash.
At first I thought it was the recent 12/4/23 update, but I can confirm that was not the cause. I tried several older builds(that had worked flawlessly in the past) and the behavior was the same. I use bin/cue images currently. I tried rearranging directories, chd images, placing the BIOS in the game folder, reinstalling the core completely along with deleting the core's config files, and nothing helped.
I finally opened up my MiSTer to test my SDRAM. I removed both modules and moved switch #4 to single RAM configuration. I then booted up the core with a single module and voila!, the cores worked just fine and booted a bin/cue image without issue. I tried this with the other RAM module and again, no issue. I switched around the original placement of the modules when I put it back together. Tested again, no issue.
I ran the official RAM tester core for a bit to see if any issues were detected with either module, and they were both stable with no errors at 146mHz after 10 minutes. The only thing I can think of is that there may have been a static charge causing the issue that was dissipated when I removed the modules. There have been numerous power outages in my area lately due to winter storms, so maybe it was a ghost in the machine.
Conclusion: My Sega CD core is rock solid again. If my MiSTer exhibits odd, crashy behavior in the future, I will consider replacing my memory modules. The current modules came from Ali Express, but appear to be legit v 2.9 with sorgelig's name on them. This is an issue with your unit and not something sorgelig can fix. I hope this helps somebody.